Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disorder is a group of inherited neuromuscular disorders that affect the peripheral nerves, which are responsible for controlling muscles and relaying sensory information from the limbs to the brain. It is progressive, meaning symptoms typically worsen over time.
Cause: Genetic mutations affecting nerve function.
Nerves affected: Primarily motor and sensory peripheral nerves.
Onset: Usually begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
Common symptoms:
Muscle weakness and atrophy, especially in lower legs and feet
Foot drop and high foot arches
Balance and coordination difficulties
Decreased sensation in limbs (especially feet and hands)
Abnormal gait and frequent tripping
Later involvement of hands and forearms
There is no cure, but symptoms can be managed with therapy and assistive devices.
How Can a Biokineticist Help with CMT?
A Biokineticist plays a key role in functional rehabilitation, helping to maintain mobility and improve quality of life.
Goals of Biokinetics in CMT
Maintain Muscle Strength
Design safe, low-resistance strengthening programs for unaffected or mildly affected muscles.
Delay disuse atrophy from lack of activity.
Improve Balance and Coordination
Proprioceptive and balance training to prevent falls.
Use of unstable surfaces or balance boards.
Increase Joint Mobility and Flexibility
Stretching to prevent contractures, especially in the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia.
Maintain ankle and foot mobility.
Correct Gait Patterns
Gait retraining exercises to compensate for foot drop or weakness.
Work in conjunction with Orthotists for ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs).
Endurance and General Fitness
Cardiovascular conditioning through low-impact activities (e.g., swimming, cycling).
Avoiding fatigue with carefully monitored intensity.
Pain Management and Postural Support
Postural exercises to support spine and prevent discomfort from muscle imbalance.
Addressing overuse injuries from compensatory movements.
Additional Biokinetics Support
Home exercise programs tailored to energy levels and progression.
Education and empowerment to manage long-term condition.
Collaboration with a multidisciplinary team: neurologist, physio, orthotist, and occupational therapist.
Summary
Charcot-Marie-Tooth is a progressive peripheral nerve disorder affecting strength, sensation, and mobility. While it cannot be cured, Biokinetics offers a powerful way to preserve function, improve balance, and support safe movement, enhancing long-term independence and quality of life
